Chapter 2
Refer to the research study described on page 42 of your textbook to answer the following question.
What was the primary manipulated variable in this experiment? (Hint: Review the Research Methodologies section in Chapter 1 for help in answering this question.)
What will be an ideal response?
The primary independent variable is the type of prospective memory task (focal versus non-focal).
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Which device can indicate whether someone is in stage 1, 2, 3, or 4 of sleep?
a. MRI b. IAT c. PET d. EEG
What term applies to creating difficulties for yourself to make an excuse for failure?
a. Self-fulfilling prophecy b. Self-handicapping c. The fundamental attribution error d. Pluralistic ignorance
When two CSs are separately paired with a US for 10 trials each, then combined and paired with the same US for 10 trials, the response strength of each CS declines over the compound trials. This effect is known as
a. stimulus compounding. b. overshadowing. c. overexpectation. d. blocking.
The mother of a soldier killed in combat maintains a shrine for her son in her home and
tells everyone that, when the war is over, he will be coming home. Which of the Freudian defense mechanisms does her behavior illustrate? a. Projection b. Reaction formation c. Denial d. Sublimation e. Repression