Little Albert's acquired fear of a white rat was a classic example of a(n) __________ response
a) classical counterconditioned
b) conditioned emotional
c) positively reinforced
d) negatively reinforced
b
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A medical doctor believes that the presence of
aromatherapy will reduce the anxiety of first-time mothers-to-be during labor and will increase their reported satisfaction with their care at his hospital. He randomly assigns mothers to give birth in a room either with or without aromatherapy. What is the independent variable in this example? A) Anxiety level during labor B) Number of previous birthing experiences C) Presence or absence of aromatherapy D) Satisfaction with hospital care
Carter, an 8-year-old African-American boy, is told by a researcher that certain verbal tasks are “not a test.” He is told that other verbal tasks are “a test of how good children are at school problems.” If Carter is aware of ethnic stereotypes, he will probably __________
A) perform better in the “test” condition B) perform similarly in both conditions C) perform far worse in the “test” condition D) answer the “test” questions, but refuse to answer the “not a test” questions
_______ is the ability to find a significant result when it truly exists.
a. Power b. Effect size c. Attrition d. Generalizability
Comparisons of attitudes and performance with regard to math tests in Asia and the U.S. showed that:
a. although the attitudes toward intellectual success were similar among Asian children and American children, their actual performance on tests differed markedly. b. only 10 percent of the American children had scores as low on computations and word problems as the average Asian child. c. only 4 percent of the Chinese children and 10 percent of the Japanese children had scores as low as the average American child. d. although the performance of Asian children and American children is similar, attitudes toward intellectual success differed markedly.