)
A. Enzymatic inactivation of the antibiotic
B. Microbe utilizes the antibiotic as an energy source
C. Antibiotic efflux pumps pump the antibiotic out of the cell
D. Altered target site, such that the antibiotic can no longer bind to the target
E. Microbe uses an alternative pathway to circumvent a blocked pathway
F. Decreased permeability to the antibiotic
A. Enzymatic inactivation of the antibiotic
C. Antibiotic efflux pumps pump the antibiotic out of the cell
D. Altered target site, such that the antibiotic can no longer bind to the target
E. Microbe uses an alternative pathway to circumvent a blocked pathway
F. Decreased permeability to the antibiotic
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Which of the following is notan example of a regulatory DNA site?
A. enhancer B. insulator C. repressor D. operator
Which of the following most adequately describes how the Alu element may have proliferated to constitute 10% of the human genome?
A. Retrotransposons show self-proliferation. B. A single retrotransposon can be copied into many RNA transcripts. C. Retrotransposons increase with every generation. D. Multiple retrotransposons code the same gene. E. Retrotransposons increase with each cell division.
Among the mammals, only some primates (including most humans) have color vision. What was the likely advantage that probably drove the evolution of primate color vision?
A. the ability to identify grains most appropriate for domestication B. the ability to find ripe fruit C. the ability to identify plants with medicinal value D. the ability to prepare for winter as portended by autumn colors of leaves E. the ability to enjoy the aesthetic value of flowers
The complement system is a group of ____
a. vaccines b. defense proteins c. antibodies d. antibiotics e. lymphocytes