Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)

1. Every community that conducts a community assessment of their gang problem should use a standard definition for “gangs.”
2. Proximal settings--including the family and school--are the most influential to development in the early and middle childhood years.
3. Bullying is unrelated to any sort of gang involvement.
4. School-based anti-bullying programs have been shown to be completely ineffective.
5. There is no noticeable difference in the peak time of gang activity between school days and non-school days.


1. False
2. True
3. False
4. False
5. False

Criminal Justice

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Which term refers to a model of sentencing that has decreased use of judicial discretion in individual sentencing cases in an effort to make sentencing more equitable overall?

a. standard sentence b. presumptive sentence c. positive sentence d. truth in sentencing

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Simple negligence is where the supervisor failed to exhibit due care; gross negligence is where a supervisor is indifferent about the situation or its outcome

Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

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Which of the following would be considered exigent circumstances?

A. The victim of a bike theft tells officers he has the name of the suspect. B. A suspect is attempting to flush suspected drugs down the toilet. C. A citizen is disrespectful to an officer during a traffic stop. D. A murder suspect is unconscious in the hospital after a car crash.

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Which of the following does NOT employ law enforcement officers?

a. the U.S. Supreme Court b. the Library of Congress c. the Environmental Protection Agency d. All of these employ law enforcement officers.

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