A patient presents to the emergency department diaphoretic and with a fever of 104° F. The nurse recalls that these signs indicate:
A. ADH deficit.
B. sensible water loss.
C. insensible water loss.
D. extracellular overload.
B
With ADH deficit a patient will experience a decrease in urinary output; volume is returned to systemic circulation, diluting the blood and decreasing osmolarity. Insensible water loss is continuous and nonperceptual. Lungs expire about 4000 mL of water daily through changes in respiration. Extracellular overload constitutes excess fluid outside of the cell, either interstitial or intravascular.
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