What is thought to be the correct sequence of these events, from earliest to most recent, in the evolution of life on Earth?
1. origin of mitochondria
2. origin of multicellular eukaryotes
3. origin of chloroplasts
4. origin of cyanobacteria
5. origin of fungal-plant symbioses
A) 4, 3, 2, 1, 5
B) 4, 1, 2, 3, 5
C) 4, 1, 3, 2, 5
D) 4, 3, 1, 5, 2
C
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Upstream promoter elements in eukaryotes are:a
nucleotide sequences that act as binding sites for RNA polymerase. b. nucleotide sequences that regulate the efficiency of transcription initiation. c. nucleotide sequences that contain the TATA box. d. proteins that enhance RNA polymerase binding to the promoter. e. proteins that inhibit RNA polymerase binding to the promoter.
What cell cycle regulatory protein is a tumor-suppressor protein?
A. EGF B. E2F C. p53 D. HER2
What would happen if snRNPs did not recognize the branch point within an intron?
A. A 3' poly A tail would not be added to the transcript. B. A 5' cap would not be added to the transcript. C. snRNPs would not base-pair with the 5' end of the intron. D. A lariat would not form.
Which of the following descriptions best represents the gradual model of speciation?
A) Speciation occurs regularly as a result of the accumulation of many small changes. B) An isolated population differentiates quickly from its parent stock as it adapts to its local environment. C) Speciation occurs under unusual circumstances and therefore transitional fossils are hard to find. D) Species undergo little change over long periods interrupted only by short periods of rapid change.