Describe the enzymatic digestion that takes place in each structure of the digestive tract
What will be an ideal response?
ANSWER: Enzymatic digestion in humans starts in the mouth. Amylase from the salivary glands
begins the digestion of starches. This digestion only takes place while the food is in the
mouth and during the quick trip down the esophagus. When the amylase contacts strong
stomach acids, it is denatured. In the stomach, however, pepsin begins the digestion of
proteins. Once the food reaches the small intestine, digestion is completed, primarily due to
the action of the enzymes produced by accessory structures. The liver secretes bile that
serves to emulsify fats, which makes it easier for the lipase (secreted by the pancreas) to
digest the fats. Pancreatic juice also contains trypsin to complete the digestion of proteins
and amylase to complete the digestion of starches. At this point, the nutrients are in a
simplified, usable form and ready to be absorbed by the small intestine.
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