A researcher is examining potential risk factors in comparison with disease at a specific time through collecting data regarding current exercise, sleep patterns, and current health status among 12-year-olds. Which of the following research studies would be most appropriate?
a. Cross-sectional study
b. Prospective study
c. Retrospective study
d. True experiment
Ans: a. Cross-sectional study
Explanation: By definition, a cross-sectional study examines relationships between potential causal factors and disease at a specific time. A prospective study monitors a group of disease-free individuals to determine if and when disease occurs. A retrospective study compares individuals with a particular condition or disease with those who do not have the disease. A true experiment involves both an experimental group who receives an intervention and a control group who does not receive an intervention.
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