The nurse auscultating heart sounds notes that a client has an opening snap and a low-pitched, rumbling murmur over the apex. This assessment would indicate
a. aortic stenosis.
b. mitral stenosis.
c. pulmonic prolapse.
d. tricuspid regurgitation.
B
The murmur characteristic of mitral stenosis is low pitched and rumbling and is preceded by an opening snap caused by the built-up pressure. It is heard best over the apex. The murmur of aortic stenosis is systolic and may be associated with a diminished second heart sound and early ejection click. The murmur of pulmonic prolapse is a crescendo-decrescendo, high-pitched dias-tolic blowing sound. Tricuspid regurgitation produces a holosystolic murmur heard best along the left sternal border.
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