A 21-year-old male complains of acute shortness of breath with sharp chest pain during inspiration. You auscultate his lungs and hear a grating sound over the left lower lobe during inspiration. This patient's clinical presentation is MOST likely caused by:

A. pleural inflammation.
B. a tear in the pleural lining.
C. perforation of the lung.
D. excessive pleural fluid.


Answer: A. pleural inflammation.

Health Professions

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