Name and discuss the four major kinds of consequences that function in the process of operant conditioning
What will be an ideal response?
The student should name positive and negative reinforcement and positive and negative punishment. The student should mention that reinforcement follows and strengthens a response, whereas punishment follows and weakens a response. The student should note that "positive" involves adding something (in the case of reinforcement it is usually something desired, whereas in punishment it is usually something aversive), whereas "negative" involves removing something (in the case of reinforcement it is usually something aversive, whereas in punishment it is usually something desired).
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We study how psychiatric disorders co-occur among unrelated people, non-twin siblings, dizygotic twins, and monozygotic twins so that we can learn about _____
a. the effect of genetics on mental health b. the limbic system c. the autonomic nervous system d. implicit defense mechanisms
A gerontologist is a psychologist who studies
a. death and dying. b. transitions and crises during adulthood. c. aging and the aged. d. positive and negative changes that occur during the life span.
Several elementary, junior high, and high school students are presented with a moral dilemma involving a young man whose best friend asks him to help him cheat on the upcoming history test. Using Kohlberg's theory, explain the level each of the different age students would most likely be in and how each might respond to this dilemma
What will be an ideal response?
In both Asian and African cultures, a common theme of conceptions of intelligence is that _________________
a. it is based on educational level b. it can only be achieved by those with high SES c. it indicates social elements, as well as cognitive elements such as knowledge d. it is not achieved until you reach late adulthood