When a trainer at Sea World tosses a fish to a porpoise after the porpoise has done
something well, the trainer is using
(a) prepared reinforcement
(b) positive reinforcement
(c) the Garcia effect
(d) the fish as a means of getting the attention of the porpoise so that the
porpoise may be classically conditioned
B
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The children's game where one is guided by the words "hot" or "cold" to find something hidden is similar to
a. prompting. b. reinforcer sampling. c. intermittent reinforcement. d. shaping.
Which method of measuring behavior is most likely to be used in combination with other behavioral measures?
a. Physiological measures b. Self-reports c. Naturalistic observation d. Sampling behavior with tasks
The community reinforcement approach, a new type of program that has been started to address the problem of substance abuse, includes all of the following components EXCEPT a. a non-substance-abusing relative participates with the alcoholic in relationship improvement sessions
b. the substance abuser is encouraged to accept that his or her friends may continue to be users but associating with them is still OK. c. assistance with employment, education, finances, or other social service areas is provided to help reduce stress. d. options are suggested for new recreational activities to replace previous drug related activities.
To understand personality, trait theorists attempt to
a. discover how the various traits were learned in early childhood. b. increase the number of basic traits that have been identified. c. classify traits and discover how they are related to behavior. d. reduce source traits to cardinal traits.