Some organisms are not able to live in an environment where there is oxygen; these types of organisms
are called obligate anaerobes. Which of the following proposals is the most likely for how they survive
without oxygen?
a. They are able to survive using less energy than aerobes.
b. All of their ATP is imported into the cell from an external source.
c. Sulfur is used instead of oxygen because it is chemically similar.
d. These organisms use photosynthesis to produce energy.
e. Their mitochondria are damaged, and consequently they are short-lived.
C
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When comparing root systems of corn plants growing on a square foot in a cornfield with the root systems of natural prairie plants growing in a meadow, what result do you expect to see?
A) The overall mass of roots will be identical in a cornfield and on a meadow. B) The mass and length of roots in a cornfield will be higher because soil is fertilized. C) The mass and length of roots on a meadow will be higher because soil is poorer and there is higher diversity of plants. D) The overall mass of roots on a meadow will be lower, but the length will be higher since roots need to grow deeper to reach nutrients.
Many antibiotics work by inhibiting the synthesis of petidoglycan, a component of the bacterial cell wall. What is a possible mechanism of action for anti-fungal drugs?
A. inhibiting the synthesis of peptidoglycan in fungi B. inhibiting the synthesis of cellulose in fungi C. inhibiting the synthesis of chitin in fungi D. inhibiting the synthesis of lignin in fungi
How does the organization of the bacterial genome differ from the organization of the eukaryotic genome?
A. Bacterial chromosomes are made up of RNA and eukaryotic chromosomes are made up of DNA. B. Eukaryotic chromosomes have to be tightly packed to fit into the nucleus, and bacterial chromosomes do not require tight packing to fit into the cell. C. Most bacterial chromosomes are circular and the eukaryotic chromosomes contained in the nucleus are not. D. The compaction of the eukaryotic genome involves structural maintenance of chromosome (SMC) proteins, and the compaction of the bacterial genome does not. E. The eukaryotic genome is found on chromosomes and there are no chromosomes in bacterial cells.
What do we mean when we use the terms monohybrid cross and dihybrid cross?
A) A monohybrid cross involves a single parent, whereas a dihybrid cross involves two parents. B) A dihybrid cross involves organisms that are heterozygous for two characters that are being studied, and a monohybrid cross involves organisms that are heterozygous for only one character being studied. C) A monohybrid cross is performed for one generation, whereas a dihybrid cross is performed for two generations. D) A monohybrid cross results in a 9:3:3:1 ratio whereas a dihybrid cross gives a 3:1 ratio.