The nurse suspects a patient is experiencing a sympathetic response. What manifestations should the nurse expect the patient to demonstrate this response? (Select all that apply.)

Question

a. Relaxation of bladder
b. Decrease in peristalsis
c. Dilation of bronchioles
d. Decrease in heart rate to normal
e. Increase in salivary gland secretion

Answer 1

ANS: A, B, C
When the sympathetic nervous system is activated, the heart rate increases, vasodilation in skeletal muscles supplies them with more oxygen, the bronchioles dilate to take in more air, and the liver changes glycogen to glucose to provide energy. Relatively less important activities such as digestion (and salivation) are slowed, and vasoconstriction in the skin and viscera permits greater blood flow to more vital organs such as the brain, heart, and muscles. The bladder muscle relaxes, and the sphincter constricts to prevent urination.