A nurse is teaching a group of older women about chronic diseases. During the class the nurse asks the women which chronic disease is an older women more likely to experience? Which response by the group would indicate that the women understand?
a. Cirrhosis
b. Bronchitis
c. Osteoporosis
d. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
C
If the women responded osteoporosis, it would indicate that they understood the material covered. Osteoporosis is a common condition in older women. It affects over 44 million Americans; approximately 10 million have osteoporosis and 34 million are at risk with low bone mass. More than 68% of those affected by osteoporosis are women. Postmenopausal osteoporosis occurs most frequently in women aged 50 to 70 years (Jacobs-Kosmin, Hobar, & Shanmugam, 2010; NIH, 2009). Cirrhosis is associated with alcohol abuse and bronchitis is associated with tobacco use and chronic pulmonary disease. Clients with a history of tobacco use, severe allergies, or other chronic lung disease are at risk for COPD.
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The nurse explains that the three infections that are contraindications to breastfeeding are _______________, _______________, and ________________
ANS:
A group of students are reviewing information about fluid balance and losses in children in comparison to adults. The students demonstrate a need for additional review when they identify which of the following?
A) Children have a proportionately greater amount of body water than do adults. B) Fever plays a greater role in insensible fluid losses in infants and children. C) A higher metabolic rate plays a major role in increased insensible fluid losses. D) The infant's immature kidneys have a tendency to overconcentrate urine more.
Which statement made by a nurse represents the need for further education regarding pain management in older adult clients?
a. "Older adults are at greatest risk for un-dertreated pain." b. "Older adults tend to report pain less often than younger adults." c. "Older clients usually have more expe-rience with pain than younger clients." d. "Older clients have a different pain me-chanism and do not feel it as much."
What disorder of the breast or axilla is she most likely to have?
A 23-year-old computer programmer comes to your office for an annual examination. She has recently become sexually active and wants to be placed on birth control. Her only complaint is that the skin in her armpits has become darker. She states it looks like dirt, and she scrubs her skin nightly with soap and water but the color stays. Her past medical symptoms consist of acne and mild obesity. Her periods have been irregular for 3 years. Her mother has type 2 diabetes and her father has high blood pressure. The patient denies using tobacco but has four to five drinks on Friday and Saturday nights. She denies any illegal drug use. On examination you see a mildly obese female who is breathing comfortably. Her vital signs are unremarkable. Looking under her axilla, you see dark, velvet-like skin. Her annual examination is otherwise unremarkable. A) Peau d'orange B) Acanthosis nigricans C) Hidradenitis suppurativa