Describe five states of consciousness, including a description of the level of alertness in each state
What will be an ideal response?
Focused awareness is a state of heightened alertness, in which a person is fully involved in the task at hand. One might experience this state while learning a new skill or while reading an engrossing book. Drifting consciousness, which is characteristic of daydreaming or a "wandering mind," involves shifting levels of alertness and attention. Divided consciousness involves dividing one's attention between two or more tasks that are performed simultaneously. The level of alertness in this case is medium, as
the attention is split between the activities. Sleeping and dreaming are states of low alertness or attention in which one is generally unaware of external surroundings. There may be some response to stimuli, but the level of alertness is negligible. Altered states of consciousness are quite different from the waking state. Levels of attention are variable in these states, which can be induced through hypnosis, meditation, and drug use.
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Suppose that some researchers conduct a study about cognitive abilities, and they find a relatively large gender difference. From this information, you would expect to find that
a. the overlap in the frequency distributions for males and females will be relatively small. b. the gender difference is likely to be biologically based (e.g., caused by hormonal differences). c. the same results are likely to be obtained if the study is conducted in a different social setting. d. the same results are likely to be obtained if the study is conducted with participants who are either older or younger.
A population _______________ is a graphical technique used by demographers to illustrate the changes that occur in population age structures over time
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
The management at Nargis's company tends to be fair. They treat people with respect, they do not make unrealistic demands on their employees, and they reward people appropriately. As a result, Nargis and her co-workers tend to be good "____"; they help one another out and they speak respectfully of their jobs
a. worker bees b. company citizens c. serfs d. management pawns
All but which of the following serve as buffers against stress?
a. self-efficacy b. social support c. hardiness d. optimism e. external locus of control