While auscultating a patient with pneumonia, a nurse hears low-pitched, rumbling coarse sounds during inspiration and expiration. These sounds can best be described as which of the following?
a. Crackles
b. Rhonchi
c. Wheezes
d. A friction rub
B
Rhonchi are loud, low-pitched, rumbling coarse sounds heard either during inspiration or expira-tion. They may be cleared by coughing. Fine crackles are high-pitched fine, short, interrupted crackling sounds heard during end of inspiration; usually not cleared with coughing. Moist crackles are lower, more moist sounds heard during middle of inspiration; not cleared with coughing. Coarse crackles are loud, bubbly sounds heard during inspiration; not cleared with coughing. Wheezes are high-pitched, continuous musical sounds like a squeak heard continuously during inspiration or expiration; usually louder on expiration. A pleural friction rub has a dry, grating quality heard during inspiration; does not clear with coughing; heard loudest over lower lateral anterior surface.
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