Vernonia was expanded to include all students participating in extracurricular activities by the Supreme Court decision in Board of Education of Ind. School District 92 of Pottawatomie County v. Earls, (2002). On what did Ginsburg, in part, base her dissent?
a. Students who participate in extracurricular activities are significantly less likely to develop substance abuse problems than are their less involved peers
b. Students who participate in extracurricular activities must already incur substantial financial costs, and drug testing would incur even more.
c. Extracurricular activities already have enough of their own rules and procedures to which the student body as a whole is not subjected.
d. While such testing might be acceptable for students who participate in competitive activities such as band contests, it is not appropriate for others.
a
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An offender who demonstrates a higher level of intelligence, plans out their crimes, and takes steps to avoid being caught is which of the following?
a. Disorganized b. Psychopathic c. Calculating d. Organized
In the case of ________, the court ruled that "a prisoner has no reasonable expectation of privacy in his prison cell entitling him to the protection of the Fourth Amendment against unreasonable searches."
A. Procunier v. Martinez B. Pell v. Procunier C. Hudson v. Palmer D. Holt v. Sarver
______ refers to the rational component of conformity and refers to a lifestyle in which one has invested considerable time and energy in the pursuit of a lawful career.
A. Attachment B. Commitment C. Involvement D. Belief
Which Supreme Court case determined that it is constitutional for states to post the names and pictures of convicted sex offenders on the Internet?
a. Smith v. Doe (2003) b. Turner v. Safley(1987) c. Cooper v. Pate (1964) d. Johnson v. Avery (1969)