According to Kauffman (1988), guards who show hostility toward inmates but identify closely with fellow prison officers are known as ______.

a. pollyannas
b. white hats
c. hard asses
d. functionaries


Ans: C

Criminal Justice

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All jurisdictions today permit police officers to use lethal force

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a. TRUE b. FALSE

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Intoxication Assault is a 2nd degree felony.

a. True b. False

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Which of the following is not true about school bullying?

a. It is a type of antisocial behavior associated with violence b. It increases as grade level increases c. It is more common in public schools than in private schools d. It contributes to an environment of fear and intimidation in schools

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