A 2-year-child with a fever is prescribed amoxicillin clavulanate 250 mg/5 cc t.i.d. PO × 10 days for otitis media. To guard against antibiotic resistance, the nurse instructs the parent to:
1. Administer a loading dose for the first dose.
2. Measure the prescribed dose in a household teaspoon.
3. Give the antibiotic for the full 10 days.
4. Stop the antibiotic if the child is afebrile.
3
Rationale:
1. A loading dose was not ordered.
2. A household teaspoon might contain less than 5 cc, and the full dose must be given.
3. Antibiotics must be administered for the full number of days ordered to prevent mutation of resistant strains of bacteria.
4. Stopping the antibiotic before the prescribed time will permit remaining bacteria to reproduce, and the otitis media will return, possibly with antibiotic-resistant organisms. The absence of a fever is not an indication that all bacteria are killed or are not reproducing.
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