A patient is admitted to the hospital for treatment of pneumonia after complaining of high fever and shortness of breath. The patient was not able to produce sputum for a culture. The nurse will expect the patient's provider to order
a. a broad-spectrum antibiotic.
b. a narrow-spectrum antibiotic.
c. multiple antibiotics.
d. the pneumococcal vaccine.
ANS: A
Broad-spectrum antibiotics are frequently used to treat infections when the offending organism has not been identified by culture and sensitivity (C&S). Narrow-spectrum antibiotics are usually effective against one type of organism and are used when the C&S indicates sensitivity to that antibiotic. The use of multiple antibiotics, unless indicated by C&S, can increase resistance. The pneumococcal vaccine is used to prevent, not treat, an infection.
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A patient diagnosed with schizophrenia says, "I am a reincarnation of Jesus. I can raise the dead." The most qualified person for the nurse to refer the patient would be a
a. psychiatric nurse clinician. b. professional chaplain. c. clinical psychologist. d. community minister.
Order: Pipracil (piperacillin sodium) 8 g/day IV in four divided doses q.6h. The directions on the package insert state, "Add 4 mL suitable diluent (sterile water or 0.9% NaCl) to yield 1g/2.5mL
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Beta blockers should be used with extreme caution in patients with reactive airway because:
A) beta-1 receptor antagonism will result in profound bronchoconstriction. B) beta-2 receptors can potentially be antagonized, resulting in bronchospasm. C) there are no beta-blockers that selectively target beta-1 receptors only. D) they inhibit catecholamine release, potentially causing bronchoconstriction.