According to psychologists, human decision making often falls short of optimality because ______.
a. there is not enough information available to make a rational decision
b. one cannot be rational under conditions of uncertainty
c. the information available overwhelms the cognitive processes
d. rationality assumes a higher degree of intelligence than most people have
c. the information available overwhelms the cognitive processes
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______ refers to the extent to which variation among people on a given characteristic is due to genetic differences.
A. Phenotype B. Genotype C. Reaction range D. Heritability
At first, people came through Tamara's gate at the fair in groups of two or three. Later, group size increased substantially. The same number of people went through Nick's gate, but in the opposite pattern—many large groups at first, then dwindling. Tamara estimated the crowd at 2,000, but Nick estimated 7,000 . The difference in their estimates can best be explained by:
a. the representativeness heuristic b. the availability heuristic c. the anchoring and adjustment heuristic d. the working backward heuristic
In photography class, Phil is affected by whether he thinks his pictures are as good as those of his classmates. This process is known as
A) social comparison. B) evaluative control. C) contingent reward. D) peer referencing.
Approximately how long following fertilization does the mother's heart drive blood through
embryonic bloodstream? A) Less than one week B) Three weeks C) Five weeks D) Seven weeks