The nurse is caring for a patient with severe electrolyte imbalances that have occurred as a result of kidney failure. The nurse knows that this patient is at risk for what disorders as a result of this electrolyte imbalance?
1. Fluid retention
2. Muscle spasms
3. Fractures
4. High cholesterol
5. Depression
Correct Answer: 1,2,3
Rationale 1: Electrolytes are responsible for membrane permeability and water balance. An electrolyte imbalance, especially too much sodium, can result in fluid retention.
Rationale 2: Electrolytes are essential for muscle contractions. An imbalance in electrolytes can result in muscle spasms.
Rationale 3: Electrolytes are essential for bone growth and remodeling and may place a patient at risk for fractures, especially when there is an imbalance of calcium.
Rationale 4: There is no indication that electrolyte imbalances result in high cholesterol.
Rationale 5: There is no indication that electrolyte imbalances result in depression.
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