Define demand characteristics and explain one way to manage them.
What will be an ideal response?
Key terms and concepts that may be included in student responses:
? Demand characteristics are a threat to the internal validity of an experiment.
? Demand characteristics are situations that cause participants to guess the purpose of the study and, as a result, change their behavior.
? For example, if a participant feels attracted to the investigator and has a sense of what the investigator wants, he might provide responses to please her rather than responses that more honestly reflect his thoughts or feelings.
? Demand characteristics might be conscious or unconscious responses
? Filler measures or cover stories are used to obscure the real purpose of the study, thus avoiding demand characteristics.
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When using a _____ hypothesis, the researcher predicts the direction of the expected difference between the groups
a. null b. nondirectional c. one-tailed d. two-tailed
Physical attractiveness is a. unimportant in love relationships for both males and females
b. unimportant in love relationships for females but important for males. c. important in love relationships for females but unimportant for males. d. important in love relationships for both males and females.
The biopsychosocial model suggests that physical illness is caused by
a. an internal physical breakdown in the body. b. an infectious agent. c. an interaction of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors. d. a combination of physical, mental, and socioeconomic factors.
The percentage of newborns that will develop behavioral difficulties that could be connected to behavioral teratogens is approximately
5 percent. 10 percent. 20 percent. 30 percent.