How are stereotypes likely to change? Evidence indicates that
a. stereotypes, once formed, virtually never change.
b. stereotypes change suddenly in response to a single, dramatic, disconfirming example.
c. stereotypes change in response to two or three disconfirming examples.
d. stereotypes change only gradually, in response to many examples that are inconsistent.
Answer: D
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Madelaine is working to teach her 4-year-old daughter Eliza how to count. She places ten pennies in one row with very little space between the pennies, and eight pennies in another row with more space between the pennies. Then Madelaine asks Eliza which row has more pennies. Eliza chooses the second row, even though she knows that ten is more than eight. What is Eliza's response an example of?
A. symbolic functioning B. concrete operations C. formal operational functioning D. centration
According to cognitive models of anxiety, such as Borkovec, Alcaine and Behar's model, why do people continue to worry despite the fact that it is unproductive?
a. They have a superstition that worry will lead to symptom reduction. b. Classical conditioning has led to an association between worry and cognitive stability. c. The worry is reinforced by a temporary reduction in uncomfortable physiological sensations. d. The worry results from activation of the superego in order to punish oneself for past misdeeds.
How does brain activity change while you are asleep? a. Neurons in most of the brain cease all activity
b. Inhibitory synapses block the spread of any message in the brain. c. Action potentials continue, but they no longer release neurotransmitters. d. Neurons are more active than usual, but their activities are out of synchrony.
Decreases in NREM sleep begin around the age of 65 years in most people
a. True b. False Indicate whether the statement is true or false