In middle adulthood, more so than in earlier or later years,
A) workers change jobs more frequently and have lower productivity levels.
B) people attempt to increase the personal meaning of their vocational lives.
C) gender discrimination in the workplace lessens and women are promoted.
D) work is not an important aspect of identity or self-esteem.
B
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According to the drive theory of motivation, what is motivation?
a. A tendency to maintain biological conditions close to their optimum level b. A stimulus that pulls the individual toward an action c. An irritation that energizes behavior to remove the irritation d. An attempt to prepare for future needs.
When partial reinforcement occurs, a response that is reinforced after some, but not all, correct responses __________.
A. will be more resistant to extinction than a response that receives continuous reinforcement (a reinforcer for each and every correct response) B. will be less resistant to extinction than a response that receives continuous reinforcement (a reinforcer for each and every correct response) C. will be more variable in its resistance to extinction than a response that receives continuous reinforcement (a reinforcer for each and every correct response) D. will be totally resistant to extinction, unlike a response that receives continuous reinforcement (a reinforcer for each and every correct response)
Whether someone develops learned helplessness under conditions of unavoidable aversive events most likely depends on
a. the intensity of the aversive events. b. prior experience in similar circumstances. c. conditioning experiences in childhood. d. cognitive interpretation.
A psychologist explains a woman's fear of snakes in terms of her unconscious fear of her father. This psychologist is using which approach to personality?
A. Psychoanalytic B. Trait C. Humanistic D. Behavioral/social learning