Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. Descriptive comparative research seeks to understand the structure, nature or scope of a nation’s (or nations’) criminal justice systems.
2. Research that compares data from more than one time period is called comparative research.
3. Research that seeks to understand how national systems work is called analytic comparative research.
4. The Comparative Crime Data File (CCDF) has extensive crime data from 110 nations and 44 international cities.
5. Using the CCDF, Archer and Gartner found that very few combatant nations experienced substantial increases in homicide following a war.
1. True
2. True
3. True
4. True
5. False
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A system of laws, operative in some Arab countries, based on the Muslim religion and especially the Koran is known as:
a. Hudud law. b. Tazir law. c. Islamic law. d. Hebrew law.
In a study examining the effectiveness of an education program, subjects are given a pretest. Their scores on the posttest increased because they learned information in the pretest and not as a result of the education program. This is an issue of:
a. Testing b. Regression c. External event d. Maturation
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
6. Estimates of the extent of delinquency and abuse based on a legal definition are far lower than those based on a behavioral definition. 7. If we concentrate on juveniles who are not officially labeled, we get a far different picture from that if we include all of those who offend or are victimized. 8. One of the major problems confronting those interested in learning more about offenses by and against juveniles involves defining the phenomena. 9. Despite growth in the juvenile population over the past decade, crime and violence by juveniles have not declined. 10. In an attempt to combat some of the reporting problems found in UCR data since 1987, the FBI has been implementing an incident-based reporting system, a modification of the original UCR reporting system, throughout the United States.
The reason general deterrence is a growing approach is because over the past decade serious offenses have resulted in apprehension and conviction in nearly 43% of cases
Indicate whether the statement is true or false