External validity refers to:
a. measuring the results of a behavior, rather than the behavior itself
b. any research result obtained using noninvasive observation procedures
c. effectively controlling any potentially confounding variables in an experiment
d. how well the results of an observation will generalize to other situations
D
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If A and B are highly correlated, which statement MOST accurately describes the relationship between A and B?
a. The score on A causes the score on B b. The score on B causes the score on A c. Both A and B are caused by a third variable d. The score on A can be used to predict the score on B
Assume that your class took an exam last week and the mean and standard deviation of the exam were 85 and 5, respectively. Your instructor told you that 30 percent of the students had a score of 90 or above. You would probably
a. think that your instructor was out of her mind. b. decide that your score of 80 would probably fall in the failing range. c. conclude that the scores were not normally distributed. d. conclude that such a set of scores could not possibly happen.
Errors in ___________________ are the cause of PWS
A. paternal chromosome 15
B. paternal chromosome 14
C. paternal chromosome 12
D. paternal chromosome 11
E. none of the above
Which of the following can be fostered by a pessimistic explanatory style?
a. Depression c. Passive behavior b. Learned helplessness d. All of these