William is trying to calculate the price of his groceries in his head. He has four apples for 35¢ each, five potatoes for 15¢ each, and three cake mixes for $2.25 each. He begins by thinking to himself, "Let's see, four times 35¢ is what?
Two times 35¢ is 70¢, and then two times 70¢ is $1.40. And then what do I do next? Oh, yes, I need to know what five times fifteen equals. I can't remember, but let's see if I can figure it out...." From the perspective of psychology, William may have trouble solving the problem because:
a. His working memory capacity may be insufficient to hold and process all the information.
b. He is encoding the problem incorrectly.
c. He is demonstrating a mental set with regard to his knowledge of multiplication facts.
d. He is using an inappropriate heuristic.
A
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