Describe one of the visual illusions you learned about in this chapter, and explain how it fools the eye.
What will be an ideal response?
Student answers will vary. A sample answer follows.
In the Ponzo illusion, the cat near the top of the image looks bigger. But when I measure both cats, I realized that they are the same size. My retinas created accurate images of each cat. However, the linear perspective of the railroad tracks fooled me. Because the narrowing tracks looked further away, my brain was fooled into thinking that the cat on that narrowing section was larger than the other one.
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Jackson's knowledge of economics has grown over the years, while at the same time, his ability to play hockey has deteriorated. Jackson's experience best exemplifies a. multiple causation. b. historical context
c. plasticity. d. multidirectionality.
Marion needs to lose 20 pounds for her health. She will have the most success in the long run with the least health risks if she
a. has a gastric bypass or gastric band surgery. b. decreases food intake and moderately steps up exercise. c. sharply reduces food consumption. d. sharply increases her exercise.
According to Ryckman, the Davis study on self-selection of diet by infants:
a. provided clear and unequivocal evidence in support of the organismic wisdom hypothesis b. produced valid results because the infants could choose between foods with nutritive value and those without such value c. showed that the validity of the organismic wisdom notion is open to serious question d. was essentially devoid of methodological flaws
Compared to middle-SES children, lower-SES children:
a. do equally well in school. b. acquire new words at a faster pace. c. have smaller vocabularies and use simpler grammar. d. typically acquire less than 1000 new words a year.