Cattle egrets follow African ungulates such as African buffalo around and catch insects that the buffalo flush out. Oxpeckers perch on the backs of buffalo and feed on ectoparasites that infest the buffalo. Which one of the following shows the ecological interaction that the buffalo has with each bird?

A. Cattle egret: commensalism; oxpecker: commensalism
B. Cattle egret: competition; oxpecker: mutualism
C. Cattle egret: mutualism; oxpecker: commensalism
D. Cattle egret: commensalism; oxpecker: mutualism
E. Cattle egret: mutualism; oxpecker: mutualism


Answer: D

Biology & Microbiology

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