History is full of cases where dreams have been a pathway to creativity and discovery. A striking example is provided by Dr. Otto Loewi, a pharmacologist and winner of a Nobel prize. Loewi had spent years studying the chemical transmission of nerve impulses. A tremendous breakthrough in his research came when he dreamed of an experiment three nights in a row. The first 2 nights he woke up and
scribbled the experiment on a pad. But the next morning, he couldn't tell what the notes meant. On the third night, he got up after having the dream. This time, instead of making notes he went straight to his laboratory and performed the crucial experiment. Loewi later said that if the experiment had occurred to him while awake he would have rejected it. Loewi's experiment gives some insight into using dreams to produce creative solutions. Inhibitions are reduced during dreaming, which may be especially useful in solving problems that require a fresh point of view. Being able to take advantage of dreams for problem solving is improved if you "set" yourself before retiring. Before you go to bed, try to think intently about a problem you wish to solve. Steep yourself in the problem by stating it clearly and reviewing all relevant information. Then use the suggestions listed in the previous section to catch your dreams. Although this method is not guaranteed to produce a novel solution or a new insight, it is certain to be an adventure. About half of a group of college students using the method for 1 week recalled a dream that helped them solve a personal problem. The author probably thinks that
a. inhibitions may stop someone from thinking of useful ideas.
b. Loewi should not have conducted his experiment.
c. dreaming is of very little value to most people.
d. college students should not be trying out dream experiments.
A
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When writing recommendation reports,
(a) avoid delivering them via an email attachment. (b) discuss the background in detail but keep the recommendation as brief as possible. (c) use an obsequious tone. (d) end with a list of benefits for taking action. (e) make headings broad and general.
Schreiben Sie die Fragen auf und antworten Sie dann auf Deutsch.
1. _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 2. _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 3. _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 4. _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________
VocabularioJosé Hernández ¿Qué sabes sobre este astronauta méxicoamericano? Lee el siguiente párrafo y llena los espacios en blanco con una palabra o frase apropiada de la lista. No todas las palabras se usan.
consiguiócara a caraéxitologró al finalapoyaroninmigraronfronterasnacióretosascendenciaesfuerzosueñopertenecióse destacóJosé Hernández (1) __________________ en California pero es de (2) _____________________ mexicana. Sus padres (3) ______________________ de forma ilegal a Estados Unidos y trabajaron en los campos de tomate. Desde niño, el (4) _____________________ de José era viajar al espacio. (5) ___________________________ lo (6) _______________________. Estudió ingeniería, (7) ______________________ el grado de doctor e ingresó a NASA. La historia de (8) ______________________ de José Hernández es inspiradora. Con gran sacrificio, (9) _______________________ y perseverancia, se convirtió en uno de los pocos astronautas mestizos. ¿Qué es lo que más le sorprendió cuando fue al espacio? Ver el mundo como uno: no había (10) _______________________.(3) Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).