Which blood lipid is linked most directly to heart disease?
a. Chylomicron
b. Low-density lipoprotein
c. High-density lipoprotein
d. Very low-density lipoprotein
e. Very high density lipoprotein
Answer: B
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? An 80-year-old male patient has end-stage Alzheimer's and has recently been diagnosed with severe dysphagia. This patient is getting discharged from hospital. His height is 5' 9" and he weighs 162 pounds with no recent changes in weight. Calculate the approximate daily fluid requirements of this patient.
A. 1000 mL B. 1800 mL C. 2200 mL D. 3100 mL E. 3400 mL
When a child has a virus that has caused vomiting and diarrhea over several days' time, it is critical for her to receive medical care because: a. her fever will cause her to retain too much extra fluid
b. she may need help in replacing extreme fluid losses. c. in the cells, sodium concentration increases, leading to danger of swelling. d. her kidneys will pump extra fluids into the bloodstream. e. the illness may have been caused by contaminated drinking water.
JB is a 53 yo male who was recently divorced. He has experienced periods of depression and decreased appetite. Family reports history of heavy drinking habits and 15# weight lost. He was previously diagnosed with cirrhosis and portal hypertension and paracentesis and TIPS procedures were performed. Mr. JB's condition seems to have worsened; he c/o stomach pains, nausea, and vomiting at times. His
abdomen is sore to touch and feels swollen. Mr. JB has developed ascites and pedal edema; his urinary output has decreased and he continues to lose weight. Mr. JB also c/o pain when swallowing food. Because of JB's persistent symptoms, he's been admitted to the hospital. A referral to the SLP for a MBS was also ordered and resulted in dysphagia, pureed diet recommended. By day 2 Mr. JB still c/o of nausea and no po intake has been reported. The MD prescribed dietary consult: RD to assess patient and recommend alternate means of nutrition support, currently NPO. Ht: 5'11'' Wt: 145 # UBW: 163# Dx: End-stage liver cirrhosis, dysphagia PMH: alcoholic cirrhosis, portal hypertension Labs: Na: 134 Cl: 101 BUN: 4 Alb: 2.3 TG: 305 Transferrin: 101 NH4: 53 Glu: 139 AST: 45 ALT 48 Alk Phos: 40 Bilirubin: 2.1 K: 5.2 CO2: 25 Cr: 1.8 H/H: 11/35 Diet: NPO Meds: Neomycin, Aldactone, Lasix, Reglan The RD recommends sodium restriction because of JB's ascites. How much sodium should the RD initially recommend for JB each day? a. 500 mg/day b. 1000 mg/day c. 2000 mg/day d. 3000 mg/day e. 3500 mg/day