To determine the effects of caffeine on alertness, Dr. Clinton has 50 children consume caffeine, while 50 others do not receive caffeine. In order for Dr. Clinton to be able to determine cause-and-effect, she must insure that
A) her participants do not have any choice in whether to participate in the experiment.
B) all of her participants currently consume caffeine.
C) her participants have about equal amounts of alertness.
D) her participants are randomly assigned to view one of the two groups.
D
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A new supermarket is being built. The county has required the owner to designate at least eight handicap parking spaces. The county installed a sign in front of each space to indicate that it is reserved for vehicles with a proper sticker. The sign also announces a $250 fine for violators. The intention behind the sign is to announce to the community at large that there will be a stiff penalty to pay for violating the rule. The belief is that drivers who risk a small fine by parking illegally elsewhere, such as against the curb, will not risk the large fine for parking illegally in the handicap spaces. This point of view is known as:
A. general deterrence. B. specific deterrence. C. expiation. D. incapacitation.
Irrational economic thinking notes that decision-making relies heavily on strict economic rules.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
Which of the following best describes the "age of viability," or the point at which an infant can survive prematurely?
a) about 22 weeks b) approximately 6 months c) approximately 3½ months d) approximately 5 months
When a test shows significant correlations with relevant criteria for blacks, but nonsignificant correlations when used for whites, ________ exists
a) fairness b) differential validity c) reverse discrimination d) bias