Compare and contrast dengue fever and West Nile fever. Which disease would be easier to eradicate and why?
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: Both dengue fever and West Nile fever are caused by flaviviruses, otherwise called arboviruses, because they are viruses spread by a biting insect. Mosquitoes are the vector for both diseases; however, different species with different geographic ranges spread each disease. Where the two diseases differ is in their reservoir. The reservoir for West Nile virus is wild bird populations, where mosquitoes transfer the virus between infected birds. Humans are an accidental host that usually do not develop high number of virus particles in their blood and are thus not able to spread the virus. The only known reservoir for the dengue virus are infected humans, thus dengue virus would be easier to eradicate because it has only a human host. Vaccination (if it was available) would be able to prevent the virus from infecting its only host and the virus would no longer exist. West Nile virus has a very large reservoir in wild animals, and will thus be impossible to eradicate.
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A country's ecological footprint refers to the types of shoes it wears — a symbolic reference to how it balances environmental concerns with economic development
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.
Which of these is designed by researchers to test only a single prediction of a hypothesis at a time?
a. controlled experiment b. experimental variable c. control group d. controlled variable e. experimental constant
Palytoxin is incredibly toxic, perhaps the second most dangerous nonpeptide toxin. It targets the sodium-potassium pump, locking it open and forming a channel through which the ions can passively flow. Palytoxin is produced by zoanthid cnidarians (soft coral), and there have been incidents of poisoning from zoanthids within marine aquaria tanks in people's homes. It is also thought to be the source of the legend of the Limu make o hana ("Seaweed of Death from Hana").A Hawaiian legend tells of a village that angered a shark god. In revenge, a "seaweed" began to grow in the tidepools that killed anyone who touched it. In fact, this "limu - make - o - Hana" - a zoanthid cnidarian - contains a palytoxin that locks the sodium-potassium pump open, allowing free flow of ions. If a villager
suffers palytoxin poisoning, which way will the ions in his neurons flow? A. All ions will flow out B. Chloride and sodium out, potassium in C. Sodium in, potassium out D. Potassium in, sodium out
As rat pups mature growth of their snouts and tails outpaces growth of the rest of their bodies, producing the appearance of sexually mature males. It is found that sexually mature female rats prefer to mate with mutant, sexually mature males that possess snouts and tails with juvenile proportions. Which of the following terms is (are) appropriately applied to this situation?
A) sexual selection B) paedomorphosis C) allometric growth D) B and C only E) A, B, and C