Which one of the following is a key assumption of social identity theory?
a. Individuals tend to compare themselves to people who are performing worse than they are.
b. Because our social identities are linked to our groups, our feelings of self-worth can be enhanced by stressing the relative superiority of our groups.
c. Group members strive to maximize their positive outcomes and minimize the negative outcomes.
d. Group members are cognitive misers: they seek to process information rapidly, but they sometimes make errors.
e. Self-esteem is an indicator of one’s acceptance within one’s social groups.
b. Because our social identities are linked to our groups, our feelings of self-worth can be enhanced by stressing the relative superiority of our groups.
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According to the discussion of adolescents who are Muslim Americans,
a. about 90% of them came to the United States from Afghanistan and Iraq. b. teenage girls in the United States were arrested and interrogated for several weeks, following the September 11, 2001 bombing. c. almost all of these adolescents retain their Muslim identity, and they do not feel that they have any American identity. d. almost all of these adolescents emphasize their American identity, and they do not feel that they retain any Muslim identity.
Regarding the relationship of age and gender to happiness, which of the following statements is TRUE?
a. The stereotype of the crotchety old person who is dissatisfied with everything is quite accurate. b. People are living longer and staying healthier, which has greatly delayed age-related declines. c. Overall, men tend to be happier than women. d. Men do have a tendency to experience higher emotional highs and lower lows than women do.
Which of the following statement is NOT true of experiments.
A. The experimenter always assigns participants to a condition. B. It provide better test of causal relationships than correlational studies. C. There is always at least one independent variable. D. It examines how a behavior changes in different conditions.
About what percentage of the babies tested by Ainsworth and by others is classified as having secure attachment?
a. 15%. c. 52%. b. 27%. d. 66%.