The use of ____________ is often necessary in order to get an individual to engage in the aversive activity when using positive punishment
a. reinforcement
b. antecedent manipulation
c. physical guidance
d. shaping
c
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Which statistic accurately reflects the vulnerability of prenatal development?
Only 31 percent of all conceptions become living newborn babies. Only 75 percent of fetuses reach the age of viability. 50 percent of fetuses are spontaneously aborted or stillborn. 10 percent of all fetuses die during birth.
Sigmund Freud viewed the ego defenses as obstacles to the understanding of the unconscious; Anna Freud viewed them ____.?
a. ?as having independent importance b. ?in the same way c. ?as offering no help in understanding abnormal behavior d. ?as a window into the unconscious
The _____ is Holmes and Rahe's measure of stress, which ranks forty-three life events from most to least stressful and assigns a point value to each
a) general adaptation syndrome b) approach-approach theory of stress (ATS) c) biopsychosocial model d) Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS)
The therapeutic approach developed by Albert Ellis, known as ________, is a form of cognitive therapy
a. transference b. rational-emotive behavior therapy c. psychoanalysis d. unconditional positive analysis