Which condition is associated with oversecretion of renin?
a. Alzheimer's disease
b. Hypertension
c. Diabetes mellitus
d. Diabetes insipidus
B
Renin is secreted when special cells in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT), called the macula densa, sense changes in blood volume and pressure. When the macula densa cells sense that blood volume is low, blood pressure is low, or blood sodium levels are low, renin is secreted. Renin then converts angiotensinogen into angiotensin I. This leads to a series of reactions that cause secretion of the hormone aldosterone. This hormone increases kidney reabsorption of so-dium and water, increasing blood pressure, blood volume, and blood sodium levels. Inappropriate or excessive renin secretion is a major cause of persistent hypertension.
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