Which type of intravenous fluid will not create a shift of fluids within the vascular space?
a. Hypertonic c. Isotonic
b. Hypotonic d. Osmotic pressure
C
An isotonic solution has roughly the same concentration of particles as the blood plasma; cells within an isotonic solution maintain consistency and do not lose or gain fluid to their surroundings. A hypertonic solution contains a greater concentration of particles than that inside the cell and causes fluid to be drawn out of the cells. Used inappropriately, too much fluid may be withdrawn, causing a withering of the cell (crenation). A hypotonic solution contains a lesser concentration of particles than that inside the cell and causes fluid to be drawn into the cells. If used incorrectly, a hypotonic solution can cause too much fluid to enter the cell, causing the cells to swell and burst (hemolysis). Osmotic pressure is created by solutes and other substances (e.g., albumin, globulin, fibrinogen) suspended in fluid.
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