Which of the following characteristics of genetic material accounts for the need to get a flu vaccine every year, but a polio vaccine once in a life time?
A. Information.
B. Replication.
C. Transmission.
D. Replication and Transmission.
E. Variation.
E. Variation.
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Where a branching point in a phylogenetic tree is called a _________, it illustrates that _______ has occurred.
A. break; extinction of a species. B. clade; cladogenesis. C. node; cladogenesis. D. node; anagenesis. E. break; anagenesis.
DNA transfer has occurred many times between organelle and nuclear genomes. Two pairs of sequences are analyzed. Pair A has more similarities than pair B. Which of these is the most ancient transfer?
What will be an ideal response?
The conversion of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate in step 6 of glycolysis generates a "high energy"phosphoanhydride bond. Which of the following best describes what happens to that bond in step 7?
(a) It is hydrolyzed to drive the formation of ATP. (b) It is hydrolyzed to drive the formation of NADH. (c) It is hydrolyzed to generate pyruvate. (d) It is oxidized to CO2. 13-13 Steps 7 and 10 of glycolysis result in substrate-level phosphorylation. Which of the following best describes this process? (a) ATP is being hydrolyzed to phosphorylate the substrate. (b) The energy derived from substrate oxidation is coupled to the conversion of ADP to ATP. (c) Two successive phosphates are transferred, first to AMP, then to ADP, finally forming ATP. (d) The substrate is hydrolyzed using ATP as an energy source.
Individuals with ________ develop numerous skin cancers when exposed to sunlight.
A) Ataxia telangiectasis B) Cockayne syndrome C) Werner syndrome D) Xeroderma pigmentosum