The nurse is teaching a prenatal class about newborn immunity. Which statement by a participant requires further teaching?
A) "Newborns obtain passive immunity from the mother."
B) "Newborns obtain active immunity across the placenta."
C) "Only antibody to infections to which the mother has been exposed will transfer to the newborn."
D) "Maternal antibody provides temporary immunity to the newborn."
B) "Newborns obtain active immunity across the placenta."
Explanation: A) Passive immunity occurs when maternal preformed antibody is transferred across the placenta to the developing fetus. Only antibody to infectious agents to which the mother has previously been exposed will be transferred. Maternal antibody provides temporary, albeit limited, immune defense during the early newborn period.
B) Active immunity develops as a result of activation of the host's own immune system through natural or artificial means. Natural immunity occurs when an individual experiences an infectious disease naturally. Active immunity may also be induced artificially with vaccination with dead or attenuated (weakened) infectious agent or its components.
C) Passive immunity occurs when maternal preformed antibody is transferred across the placenta to the developing fetus. Only antibody to infectious agents to which the mother has previously been exposed will be transferred. Maternal antibody provides temporary, albeit limited, immune defense during the early newborn period.
D) Passive immunity occurs when maternal preformed antibody is transferred across the placenta to the developing fetus. Only antibody to infectious agents to which the mother has previously been exposed will be transferred. Maternal antibody provides temporary, albeit limited, immune defense during the early newborn period.
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