Atrial fibrillation has which of the following characteristics? (Select all that apply.)
a. Irregular rhythm
b. Smooth P waves
c. QRS complex not more than 0.10 second
d. F waves with sawtooth pattern
e. PR interval 0.12 to 0.20 second
f. Abnormal beat alternates with normal beat in a 1:1 ratio
ANS: A, C
A and C. Atrial fibrillation is an irregular rhythm with a normal QRS interval. B. P waves are absent. D. F waves are seen in atrial flutter. E. There is no PR as P waves are absent. F. Premature ventricular contractions that occur every other beat are referred to as bigeminy.
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