Briefly describe the following perspectives on psychology: psychodynamic, behaviorist, humanistic, cognitive, biological, evolutionary, and sociocultural. What is the importance of perspectives in psychology?
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: Psychodynamic emphasis is on powerful inner forces that drive and motivate behavior. Behaviorists try to understand how stimuli in the environment control behavior. Humanists believe that people are active, innately good, and capable of choice. The cognitive perspective focuses on human thought and all the processes of knowing. The biological perspective guides psychologists in the search for underlying biological processes and structures that affect behavior. The evolutionary perspective focuses on conditions in the environment in which the human brain evolved, and the adaptive patterns that contribute to survival of species. The sociocultural perspective looks at cross-cultural differences in the causes and consequences of behavior.
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Frank, Judy, Ted, and Bill have four hours to kill, and they are trying to decide if they should party or study. Frank favors studying for three hours and partying for one hour, Judy favors one hour of studying and three hours of partying, Ted is for all four hours of partying, and Bill wants to party for two hours and study for two hours. After discussion, Bill will probably
a. not change his opinion. b. favor three hours of studying. c. favor three hours of partying. d. favor four hours of studying.
The moment at which the baby's head first appears at the vaginal opening during birth is called _______________
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
Tulugaq, an Inuit, experiences dissociative-like episodes that are accompanied by extreme excitement. He often performs aggressive and dangerous acts, although he does not remember them. One of his recent episodes was followed by convulsions and he went into a coma for two days. Tulugaq suffers from ____
a. zar b. brain fag c. piblokto d. dhat
After helping his mom bake cookies several times, as a result of ________________ Hank has learned how to bake cookies on his own.
A. guided participation. B. cooperative learning. C. scaffolding. D. being pushed beyond the zone of proximal development.