The circulatory systems of bony fishes, rays, and sharks are most similar to _____
A) those of birds, with a four-chambered heart
B) the portal systems of mammals, where two capillary beds occur sequentially, without passage of blood through a pumping chamber
C) those of reptiles, with one pumping chamber driving blood flow to a gas-exchange organ, and a different pumping chamber driving blood to the rest of the circulation
D) those of sponges, where gas exchange in all cells occurs directly with the external environment
E) those of humans, where there are four pumping chambers to drive blood flow
Answer: B
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The wing of a bat, the flipper of a whale, and the arm of a human have a similar structure and all can trace their lineage back to a common ancestor. This would be an example of which of the following?
a. a homologous structure b. a vestigial structure c. an analogous structure d. none of the above
Which of the following is NOT characteristic
of parasites?
a. They are specialists and usually are able to affect only one variety of hosts. b. They inflict serious injury and kill their hosts. c. Some reside inside their hosts, whereas others live outside their hosts. d. Their host may be a plant as well as an animal. e. They are dependent on hosts.
Viral infections in humans spread via the circulatory system. Viral infections in plants spread from cell to cell via:a
pili. b. endocytosis. c. infected seeds. d. plasmodesmata. e. transformation.
The carrying capacity of an area is
A. the optimum number of different species that can grow and reproduce there. B. the optimum number of individuals of a species that can survive and reproduce. C. the minimum number of individuals of a species that can survive and reproduce. D. the number of individuals of a species found in an area.