If a group of people were systematically discriminated against in the past, which of the following would constitute an affirmative action policy designed as a remedy to help the members of this group overcome this legacy of discrimination?
a. a hiring policy that favors those with relatives working in government
b. a college admissions policy that gives preferential treatment to members of the group
c. a color-blind job application process to give members of this group an equal chance –
d. requiring that all job applicants have at least two years of prior experience
b
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Peacemaking is the process of diplomacy, mediation, negotiation, or other forms of peaceful settlement
a. True b. False Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Newspaper reporters in the twenty-first century are much quicker than were those in the mid-twentieth century to __________
a. accept information provided by public and governmental officials b. accept information from special interest groups without questioning its accuracy c. question the motives of any government official or politician providing information to them d. accept free meals, transportation, or other "goodies" from elected officials
Why does the "functional hole" of a lack of provision for the welfare of citizens on the part of the state exacerbate the problem of organized crime, as described by Williams?
a. It makes state officials vulnerable to government interference. b. It lowers the overall socioeconomic status of state citizens. c. Organized crime groups can step in to fulfill the function and earn the loyalty of citizens. d. It makes discarded state employees vulnerable to cultic factions. e. It increases the unemployment rate, leaving many people homeless and vulnerable.
Error variance
a. obscures the effects of the variables in which the researcher is primarily interested b. should be maximized c. is always caused by researchers' mistakes d. creates effects that are opposite to those predicted by the researcher e. always leads researchers to draw incorrect conclusions from their data