In which situation would gene cloning occur?
a. a DNA fragment is inserted directly into a bacterium and is replicated
b. a DNA fragment is inserted into a plasmid, which is then introduced into a bacterium where the gene is
expressed but the plasmid does not replicate
c. a DNA fragment is inserted into a plasmid, which is then introduced to a bacterium where the plasmid
replicates
d. a DNA fragment is inserted directly into a bacterium and is digested by nucleases
e. a protein of interest is taken up by a bacterium, which incorporates the protein into its cell membrane
ANSWER: c
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In red blood cells, which of the following cytosolic proteins is the link between the plasma membrane and the spectrin/actin network beneath the cell surface?
a. Band 3 b. glycophorin c. dystrophin d. ankyrin
Catastrophic destructions, like the one caused by the impact of a bolide with earth at the end of the Cretaceous, create opportunities for new types of biological associations. In the case of the end-Cretaceous catastrophe:
A) mammals and birds filled ecological vacancies left by dinosaurs. B) ammonites filled ecological vacancies left by trilobites. C) conifers filled ecological vacancies left by large primitive trees and ferns. D) humans quickly became the dominant species on the planet.
Nucleosomes are bead-like structures ____
a. that form during interphase to assist with DNA uncoiling b. that are a major class of proteins in chromatin c. composed of histone wrapped with DNA d. composed of linked homologous chromosomes e. composed of pyrimidines and purines
Which of the following bacteria are Gram negative bacilli, have adapted to more acidic pH levels, and are the cause of food borne illness?
a. Salmonella typhi b. Vibrio cholera c. Escherichia coli O157:H7 d. Hospital Acquired Staphylococcus aureus