The nurse caring for a group of clients recognizes that which client has a superinfection?
1. 47-year-old client with type 2 diabetes and pneumonia
2. 50-year-old AIDS client with candida
3. 46-year-old client with vascular disease and cellulitis of the leg
4. 52-year-old client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and gastritis
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1: Superinfections occur when organisms that are normally present in the body are destroyed. This client does not have the symptoms of a superinfection.
Rationale 2: Those who are immunosuppressed and receiving antibiotic therapy are at greater risk of developing superinfections.
Rationale 3: Cellulitis is not a symptom of superinfection.
Rationale 4: Superinfections occur when organisms that are normally present in the body are destroyed. This client does not have the symptoms of a superinfection.
Global Rationale: Antibiotics are unable to distinguish between host flora and pathogenic organisms. When an antibiotic kills the host's normal flora, additional nutrients and space are available for pathogenic microorganisms to grow unchecked. These new, secondary infections caused by antibiotic use are called superinfections, or suprainfections. The appearance of a new infection while receiving anti-infective therapy is highly suspicious of a superinfection. Signs and symptoms of superinfection commonly include diarrhea, bladder pain, painful urination, or abnormal vaginal discharges.
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