Sentences that judges are expected to follow unless they document reasons for departing from the guidelines are known as ________.
A. flat sentences
B. presumptive sentences
C. indeterminate sentences
D. mandatory sentences
Answer: B
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In Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, at the 6th and highest stage there is a ______.
a. strong desire to avoid punishment which motivates ethical behavior b. concentration on internalized principles of ethics c. strong norm of reciprocity d. reliance on universal ethical principles of justice, reciprocity, etc.
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. The Latin term lex talionis was clearly stated in the Code of Hammurabi and means “eye for an eye, tooth for a tooth.” 2. Courts are static bodies where decisions do not change. 3. The court system has a simple set of rules and procedures. 4. According to the rule of law, the fundamental values of a nation must be committed to writing. 5. Judicial review means that a court has the power to determine the constitutionality of a law.
The case deciding that an attorney must be provided to a poor defendant facing the death penalty was:
A) Powell v. Alabama (1932 ). B) Haley v. Munro (1941 ). C) Marbury v. Madison (1803 ). D) Barron v. Baltimore (1833 ). E) Gideon v. Wainwright (1963 ).
A _____ is a community-based program in which youths sentence their peers for minor delinquent and status offenses
a. youth court b. disposition hearing c. drug court d. certification