What makes Chinese landscape painting fundamentally different from Western landscape painting? Explain why a viewer might be able to "wander" through a Song painting more easily than a Western painting
What will be an ideal response?
Essay responses should include these points:
Neo-Confucian ideas were visualized in landscape painting.
The painting acted as a study integral to the artist's self-cultivation.
Landscape painting expressed the desire for spiritual communion with nature as a key to enlightenment.
The composition unfolds in three stages—foreground, middle ground, and background—comparable to the three acts of a drama as the viewer explores the world from front to back, bottom to top.
Unlike Western artists, Chinese artists avoided the use of linear perspective.
The goal of Chinese painting is precisely to avoid such controlling limitations and instead show a panoramic totality that transcends any one single viewpoint to reveal the complexity of nature through multiple viewpoints.
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