Higher-order conditioning is probably most important to ___________
a. rats
b. dogs
c. cats
d. humans
D
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Giselle is three weeks old and during a diaper change she looks up at her mother and smiles. Her mother gets very excited and immediately tells her husband, Chin, what happened. Since Chin has read your textbook, he thinks to himself: a. Giselle is smiling as a result of operant conditioning, not as a result of an emotional state
b. This was a paradoxical smile, as children at this age will frequently demonstrate the wrong facial expressions based on the emotion they are currently experiencing. c. Giselle already recognizes her mother and feels joy when she is nearby. d. It is way too early for Giselle to be experiencing a social smile.
Taylor believes that dreams are the brain’s attempt to make sense of random neural activity. Taylor is endorsing which theory of dreaming?
a. ?coping theory b. ?Freud’s theory c. ?memory theory d. ?activation-synthesis theory
The term ________ selection is used to refer to situations in which genetic variance is maintained when both extremes of the same trait (e.g., aggression vs. passivity) are favored to the same degree under different conditions
a) balancing b) dynamic c) adaptive d) evolutionary
Denny works in an office with about 50 other attorneys. The environment is fiercely competitive because many of them want to be made a partner in the firm
In an effort to gain some ground, Denny began spreading harmful rumors about two of his coworkers. Even though Denny knew that the rumors could ultimately impact their career in a negative manner, he still chose to engage in the rumor-spreading behavior. Which of the following, according to Freud's theory, would likely be the cause of Denny's malicious acts? a) the death instinct b) an unsuccessful resolution of the latency stage c) the ego ideal d) the superego